So i read this a few years ago and went searching today.  I will post any articles i find on oils here.  Everyone else feel free to do the same.  But please include a link to the page you copied from.

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Not All Synthetics Are Created Equal:

Please be aware that not all synthetics are created equal. There is wide differences in quality and protection provided by the various synthetics. Additionally, not all synthetics are 100% synthetic. Many are partial synthetics marketed under the perception of full synthetics to the unsuspecting consumer or even Group III hydrocracked oils such as Castrol Syntec, for example, which is a hydroisomerized petroleum oil and not a Group 4 PAO synthetic oil (there is a full article on this in our Informative Articles section detailing the battle between Castrol and Mobil).  There are no PAO (polyalphaolefin) synthetic molecules in Castrol Syntec,  yet because of  legal finagling with the definition of  synthesized motor oils they can legally be called synthetic. Basically, they changed the definition of a synthetic to fit the process of highly refining a petroleum base oil, called hydrocracking and fought with Mobil and the National Advertising Council to loosen the definition of a synthetic.

Synthetic Oil is Superior to Mineral-Based Oil in Every Way:

Without getting too technical, suffice it to say that synthetics have a much higher resistance to heat than mineral-based oils. Because synthetic oil is composed of molecules that are uniform in weight and shape, its heat of vaporization is much higher (more than 600 deg. F.) compared to conventional oil, which begins evaporating at temps as low as 350 deg. F. This added stability at high temperature means that your hard-working engine wont burn up as much oil- and that means less sludge and fewer varnish deposits in the engine.

Added lubricity is another attribute of synthetics. The uniform diameter of synthetic oil polymers allows them to more easily slide over one another. The resultant reduction in friction shows up as more horsepower and torque and reduced internal engine wear.

Higher film/shear strength, however is one of the major benefits of synthetics. Film strength is what keeps oil molecules from being pushed away from each other under pressure. In an area where two metal surfaces meet, the film of oil between them prevents them from rubbing and wearing away at each other. Synthetics do a better job of this than conventional mineral oils. Synthetic oils does not shear as easily as petroleum oils and thus maintains a higher film strength and as a result does a better job at preventing wear, especially under extreme operating conditions.